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The Theory of Star-Planet
Coevolution
恒星-行星共演论
Wei Ju （琚伟）
The Theory of Star-Planet
Coevolution
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
The True Physical Relationship
between Sun and the Planets
§1.1 The true physical
relationship between Sun and the planets
§1.2 The physical
mechanism and the essential nature of gravity
§1.3The evidence chain
and the suggestion of experimental test
§1.4The hypothesis of the stellar-merger origin of the solar system
References:
Chapter 2
The Origin and
Evolution of the Solar System - Stellar Merger Model
§2.1 The philosophical
inspiration of the Yin-Yang dialectics of Taoism and the holistic view of TCM
§2.2 Several putative
mechanisms and laws proposed to explain the origin and evolution of the solar
system
§2.2.1 The mechanism of planet formation
§2.2.2 The mechanism of the
Sun formation
§2.2.3 The mechanism of the formation
of the whole solar system
§2.2.4 The formation of the earth-moon
system
§2.2.5 The
formation of the asteroids and comets and their similarity in chemical
composition
§2.2.6 The mechanism of even
distribution of the comet-like rocky objects
§2.2.7The formation of
sun-core-oriented radial magnetohydrodynamic whirlpool-like vortices (which
pull the comets down to the sun)
§2.2.8 The 77-year
periodically “coming-back event”of Halley's comet cannot be the same object but
the different comet-like objects
§2.3 The suggested laws, principles and
mechanisms involved in the process of the evolution of the solar system
§2.3.1 The four suggested laws governing the process
of the sun-planet
co-evolution
§2.3.2 A new solar physics to explain the mechanism of the energy production and element synthesis of the sun
§2.3.3 The new solar model and the basic elemental composition of the Sun
§2.3.4. The
new planetary model and the basic elemental composition of the earth
§2.3.5 The two
earth-based mass-decaying-trended atomic and subatomic particle transmutation
mechanisms: (1) the uranium→hydrogen decay chain and (2) the proton→meson→muon→electron/positron pair cascade decay chain
§2.3.6 The essential nature of the duality, relativity, convertibility and the co-existence of electric charge
§2.3.7 The
continuously operating mechanisms of the sun-core-based elemental synthesis and
energy production and the mass-evolution of the sun-core-gestated metallic
planetary embryos of next-generation planet
§2.3.8 The upper limit of the average lifespan of
all stable elements and the
upper limit of the average lifespan of proton
§2.3.9 The suggested new mechanism of the formation
of chemical bond
§2.3.10 The two suggested laws of nonequivalent inter-atomic mass-energy exchange
§2.3.11 The macroscopic-microscopic-unified physical mechanism of
electromagnetic bond formation: The formation of microscopic interatomic
electromagnetic bonds and the formation of macroscopic sun-planet-connecting
gravito-electromagnetic bonds share the same physical mechanism
§2.3.12 The macroscopic-microscopic-unified principle of orthogonal axial
intersectional intercutting and entanglement of magnetic fields lines in
two-body systems
§2.3.13 The macroscopic-microscopic-unified law of nonequivalent mass-energy exchange between bodies
§2.3.14 The macroscopic-microscopic-unified principle of tunnel-bond duality
§2.3.15 The principle of synchronization of the macroscopic astrophysical process and the microscopic
particle transmutation process and the matter particle-energy jet
transformation process
§2.3.16 The
macroscopic-microscopic-unified principle of triple similarity
§2.3.17 The principle
of mass-energy inequality of nucleons
References:
Chapter 3
Testing the
Explanatory and Predictive Power of the Theory of Star-Planet Coevolution
§.3.1 The three basic guiding principles to constraint the core
ideas of the explanations of the physical phenomena occurring in the solar
system
§.3.2 The new explanations for the mechanism
of sunspots formation and the mechanism of the 11-year sunspot cycle formation
§.3.3
The explanation of the intrinsic internal physical correlation between the
periodic oscillations of the changes of the average decay rates of radioactive
and non-radioactive elements on Earth and the periodic oscillations of the
changes of the sunspot numbers
§.3.3
The explanation of the intrinsic internal physical correlation between the
periodic oscillations of the changes of the average decay rates of radioactive
and non-radioactive elements on Earth and the periodic oscillations of the
changes of the sunspot numbers
§.3.4 The explanation
of the mechanisms of causing El Nino and La Nina phenomena and the explanation
for the corresponding relationship between the evolving process of El Nino-La
Nina-switching cycle and the evolving process of sunspot cycle.
§.3.5 The explanation of the statistically negative correlation between the count of
sunspots and the frequencies of the occurrence of great volcanic eruptions (VEI ≥5) and
major earthquakes (M ≥ 7)
§.3.6 Several
alternative explanations of the latest results of AMS-02using the same set of
laws, principles and mechanisms proposed in chapter 2 in the book of the Theory
of Star-Planet Coevolution (beyond the traditional cosmic ray theory, and the
Dark Matter annihilation model and the pulsar model)
§.3.7 A new explanation for the dominant mechanisms of the geomagnetic
storm-induced rapid losses of the outer radiation belt high-energy electrons
and the gradual depletion of the third new temporary belt high-energy electrons
§3.8 Explanation for the mechanism of how a huge energy can
be pre-stored
in the nucleus of the today’s constituent atoms
§3.9 A new explanation for the origin and retention of the earth's water
§4.0 Why is the same hemisphere of the moon (the
moon’s Near Side) always faces the Earth while earth-observer cannot see the moon far
side?
§4.1 Explaining
the formation of cancer cells at atomic and molecular levels using new quantum microgrid
short-circuit theory (QMSC) in order to advance our understanding of the
underlying physical mechanisms and the physical nature hidden behind the
biogenetic phenomenon of how a normal cell’s DNA mutation to the cancer cell.
§4.2 A hypothetical explanation for the main cause and molecular mechanisms of
the genesis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)
§4.3 Are neutrons really electrically neutral?
§4.4 Several proposed new laws of planetary motion
§4.5 A simple explanation for the formation
mechanism and the working principle of the Fermi Bubbles and why Fermi Bubble should
be renamed as Finkbeiner Bubble, and why the
galactic core-hosted supermassive balck hole should be renamed as “A galactic-scaled double-hole-structured and double holes’ effects
hybridized dual-energy conversion and stellar-merger promotion system/mechanism
(DHS-DHEsHybri-DEC-SMPS/M)”
References:
Chapter 4
The Comparison between the
Master-key Theory Fundamental Science (MKToFS) and the Theory of Everything(ToE)
4.1
Two different worldviews or different cosmic perspectives
4.2
The methodological difference between MKToFS and ToE
4.3
Five competitive advantages of MKToFS over ToE
4.4
The mechanism of double-hole-structured and double-hole’s effects hybridized
dual-energy generation and conversion
4.5
The basic contents and the outlined basic views of MKToFS
References:
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
The True Physical
Relationship between the Sun and the Planets
§1.1
The true physical relationship between Sun and the planets
§1.2
The physical mechanism of generating gravity and the essential nature of
gravity
§1.3The evidence chain and the suggestion of
experimental test
§1.4
The hypothesis of the stellar-merger origin of the solar system
Chapter 2
The Origin and Evolution of
the Solar System – Stellar Merger Model
§2.1The
philosophical inspiration of Taoist naturalism
§2.2The
physical mechanisms of the origin of the solar system
§2.3
The new mechanism for to Sun to produce energy
§2.4
The basic process of the evolution of the solar system
Chapter 3
The Physical Laws,
principles and Mechanisms Governing the Process of the Origin and Evolution of
the Solar System
§3.1
The macro-micro-unified principle of non-equivalent mass-energy exchange
§3.2
The four fundamental laws governing the sun-planet co-evolution process
§3.2
The uranium-hydrogen decay chain
§3.3
The proton-meson-miuon-elecrton/positron decay chain
§3.4The
upper limit of the average lifespan of all stable elements
§3.5
The macro-micro-unified principle of tunnel-bond duality
§3.6The
macro-micro-unified principle of orthogonal axial intersectional intercutting
and entanglement of magnetic fields lines in two-body systems
§3.7
The mechanism of the formation of chemical bond
§3.8
The two laws of inter-atomic mass-energy exchange
Chapter 4
Testing the Explanatory and Predictive
Power of the Theory
§3.1
Explanation of the Physical Mechanisms of Sunspot Formation
§3.1
Explanation of the Physical Mechanisms of Sunspot Formation and Sunspot Cycle
Formation
§3.2
Basic explanations for the causes of El Ni ñ o and La Ni ñ a phenomena
§3.3
Explanation for why there is negative correlation between the changes of
sunspot numbers and the occurrence of large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
§3.4
Explanation for why the earth-observers can never see the far side of the moon
§3.5
A new explanation for the origin of Earth's water
§3.6
The simple explanation for the cause of Fermi Bubble and the reason for why
Fermi Bubble should be renamed as Finkbeiner Bubble
§3.7
Explanation for why atomic nuclei contain huge nuclear energy
Chapter
5
The
Competitive Comparison between the Master-key Theory Fundamental Science (MKToFS)and
the Theory of Everything(ToE)
§5.1
Two different worldviews or different cosmic perspectives
§5.2
The methodological difference between MKToFS and ToE
§5.3
Five competitive advantages of MKToFS over ToE
§5.4
The mechanism of double-hole-structured and double-hole’s effects hybridized
dual-energy generation and conversion
§5.5
The basic contents and the outlined basic views of MKToFS
The
Theory of Star-Planet Coevolution
Chapter 1
The True Physical Relationship between the Sun and Planets
§1.1
The true physical relationship between the Sun and planets
I firmly believe that the basic premise
for discovering the ultimate loophole-free astrophysical
theory that can correctly explain the origin and evolution of the solar system
is to first establish a series of correct worldviews or cosmic perspectives in
our brains. One possible breakthrough that could profoundly revolutionize our
worldview and change our scientific paradigm lies in radically changing our
current misconception about the physical relationship between the sun and
planets. I even assert that a correct understanding of the true physical
relationship between the sun and planets will lead to the ultimate discovery of the real physical mechanism of generating the gravity acting
between the sun and planets, the earth and its big moon, and between all kinds
of gravitationally-bonding bodies, as well as the ultimate uncovering of the essential nature of gravity, and the ultimate discovery of a
correct theory to explain the origin of the solar system. For this reason, I would like to start my journey of exploring the
mystery of the origin and evolution of the solar system with the exploration of
the true physical relationship between the sun and planets.
Due to the limitations of the traditional kinematic descriptions of gravity provided by Newton's
classical physics and Einstein's General relativity, the true physical relationship
between the sun and the planets has long been misunderstood in such a way that
the sun can only emit its matter-energy unidirectionally to the planets without
absorbing any form of matter-energy from the planets. On the other hand, the planets are believed to be forcibly (or passively) accepted the matter-energy from the sun without any feedback action of actively emitting their own matters and energies to the sun. In other
words, since the initial formation of the solar system, all planets within the solar
system have long been enjoying the "free energy lunch" provided by
the “generous sun” without giving anything back to the sun (the purport of
which will hereafter be called the “free solar energy paradox” or “non-exchanging
paradox”). This is perhaps the biggest blunder the physicists could have made in the
history of science and it’s also the most erroneous worldviews or cosmic perspective being established in our human brain. Such a wrong worldview has played a crucial role in misleading our understanding of the true
physical relationship between the sun and the planets and is also the biggest ideological obstacle that
hindered astrophysicists from unraveling the mystery of the origin of the solar
system. Fortunately, the wisdom hidden in the Taoist naturalistic philosophy of
ancient China—the principles of Yin-Yang dialectics and the holistic way of
scientific thinking—which work as a philosophical inspiration and a thought
compass may help humanity unravel the mystery of the origin of the solar
system. According to the basic principles of Yin-Yang dialectics, everything in
the universe can be classified into the Yin-natured things that are
characterized by the basic properties of releasing dark-cold-contracting energy
while bearing negative charge and the Yang-natured things that are characterized
by the basic properties of releasing photothermal-expanding energy while
bearing positive charge. So, the principle of Yin-Yang dialectics codifies a
basic physical idea that any given pair of Yin-Yang coupled objects must have a
relationship of coexistence and coevolution by means of performing the physical
activity of mutually energy supporting and bilaterally mass-energy exchanging.
So, if we apply this philosophical principle of Yin-Yang dialectics to the study
of the physical relationship of the Sun and planets, a lot blurring concepts
about the basic physical properties of the sun and planets would become crystal
clear. In this sense, we can take all the system’s planets collectively as the
Yin-darkcold-natured bodies while taking the Sun as a Yang-photothermal-natured
body. From the point of holistic view, the solar system is essentially a
holistic coevolution system in which the sun that acts as a Yang-natured body must
have two basic physical properties of radiating out its photothermal-expanding wave energy and ejecting its positively
charged particles (dominated by positively charged particles) while the planets
that collectively act as a group of Yin-natured bodies that must have two basic
physical properties of injecting their dark-cold energy in form of a
lance-shaped planet-ejected sunward-streaming electromagnetic particle jets
(with a lance-shaped jet head pointing the sun’s core) that can be injected into
the sun’s core and the planetary-sourced energy jet should be dominated
negatively charged particles relative to the sun. In other words, If the
physical relationship between the sun and the planet really follows the philosophical
principle of the Yin-Yang dialectics, then the true physical relationship
between the sun and the planet should be a relationship of mutually energy
supporting and bilaterally matter-energy exchanging, rather than a unilateral
relationship in which the sun only releases energy to the planet without absorbing
any form of planetary energy as we currently understand it.
Based on the logical reasoning starting from the
philosophical inspiration of Yin-Yang principle and a large amount of modern observational
evidence, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7][8] [9] I assert that the true physical relationship between
the sun and the planets must be one that strictly follows the Taoism’s Yin-Yang
law and I also made my final conclusion that the solar system is essentially a
coevolution system in which the sun and planets are coevolving by means of
performing their physical activity of non-equivalent mass-energy exchange and
asymmetrical mass-energy hybridization. In thither words, the gravitational
interaction between the sun and planets is merely an apparent physical effect
behind which the underlying physical mechanism that supports the
inter-solar-planetary gravitational interaction is the physical mechanism of the
bilateral and nonequivalent mass-energy exchange and asymmetrical
mass-hybridization. This is the core idea of the theory of star-planet
coevolution and is also the breakthrough point that inspired me to discover the
cause and nature of gravity—the gravity is essentially the special form of
electromagnetic force generated by the SSPR-dynamo mechanism (the solar-stator
and planetary-rotor naturally-integrated complex dynamo mechanism) and the
essential nature of electromagnetic interaction is the underlying mechanism of
non-equivalent mass-energy exchange and asymmetrical mass-energy hybridization
between the sun and planets (detailed description about the SSPR-dynamo
mechanism will be followed in section 1.2). However, the non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange mechanism operating between the Sun and the planets does
not determine which side is the mass gainer and which side is the mass loser. So
it is necessary to formulate four fundamental laws of star-planet coevolution
to help us identify the mass gainer and the mass loser between the sun and
planets. Thus, a complete description of the physical process of how the sun
and its planets are coevolving by means of performing the physical activity of non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange is successfully formulated and the whole physical picture
of the origin of the solar system is clearly demonstrated (for detailed
description please read chapter 2).
In addition to theoretical requirements, consider the
basic facts that Mercury, Mars, and the Moon are all in a process of rapid
shrinkage, that the Earth's magnetic field is rapidly weakening, and that the
Sun's luminosity and solar magnetic field are both in a long-term trend of
strengthening, and so on. I came up with a very counter-intuitive conclusion
that the Sun is the only mass gainer in the solar system and all the system’s planets
are mass losers. This view is summarized as the second law of star-planet
coevolution, or the second law of non-equivalent star-planet mass energy
exchange, which states that for a given
time interval, the amount of mass-energy that the sun absorbed from the planets
is always greater than that of the mass-energy that the sun released to the planets. This is a crucial step that led me to discover the ultimate physical
mechanism that generates gravity and essential nature that hides behind the
apparent physical effect of gravity, and is also a thought-compass that guided
me to develop the theory of star-planet coevolution. This new physics theory
can not only successfully explain the origin and evolution of the solar system,
but also successfully explain all physical phenomena that occur within the sun-earth
system at a high level of simplicity, self-consistency and falsifiability. Even
more surprisingly, the author found that the theory of star-planet coevolution can
be easily upgraded to the master-key theory of explaining all physical
phenomena occurring in the sun-earth system by generalizing some of the basic
physical laws, principles, and mechanisms contained in the theory into the
macro-micro-unified level. It seems that this so-called master-key theory has a
potential to become the best version of the theory of everything (for detailed
description please read chapter 5). Some of the online readers told me that
they have already perceive this potential from the content of next section, in
which the author proposed a plausible physical mechanism of how can the sun and
planet work together to co-generate the gravito-electromagnetic bonding force
between them and why the electromagnetic interaction must be the only fundamental
interaction that allow the sun and its planets to perform the physical activity
of nonequivalent mass-energy exchange, and why the other fundamental
interactions, gravity, strong and weak nuclear interactions are the simply the
different forms of electromagnetic interaction which generates and act in
different space-time and mass-energy scales.
§1.2
The real physical mechanism of generating gravity and the essential nature of
gravity
In
recent years, there have been increasing evidence suggests that the gravitational force acting between the
sun and the planet, between the planet and its moons, and between any two the
planetary bodies is
a low-energy-density electromagnetic force acting between celestial bodies. However, the
main reason for why
mainstream physicists have been unable to discover the ultimate cause and
essence of gravity is the misleading and confining effects of
Newton's classical gravity and Einstein's general relativity, because both
of which
provide merely the non-essence-revealing kinematic description of gravity within
a mathematical frame in which the inert mass of all moving bodies will not
change because there is no physical relationship of nonequivalent mass-energy
exchange between these gravitationally interacting bodies. Plus, the fanatical
belief in the validity of Einstein’s general relativity has led mainstream
scientific journal editors to reject all papers that conflict with Einstein's
theory. As an amateur astrophysicist, my new views on the causes and essence of
gravity are unlikely to be published in mainstream physics journals, and even
websites like arXiv.org had refused to publish my paper. Therefore, here,
through a self-publishing, I am able to publish my new physical ideas on the
causes and essence of gravity based on my conclusive idea that the gravity
acting between the sun and planets, and between any two planetary bodies, is
just a different form of electromagnetic interaction that is generated by a
macro-micro-unified common physical mechanism that generates all forms of
electromagnetic interaction forces, including the interatomic electromagnetic
bonding force (chemical bond). In other words, all other types of fundamental
interactions, like gravity, strong and weak nuclear forces, are essentially the
electromagnetic interaction which manifests in different ways. The detailed
description is presented as the following.
Through the coevolutionistic-idea-based
logic reasoning and a broad collection of various direct and indirect evidence,
I propose that the gravity acting between the Sun and all system’s planets is
surely an gravito-electromagnetic bonding force characterized by low energy
density and a low flux penetrating through a large cross-sectional area. The
physical mechanism by which the gravito-electromagnetic bonding force is
generated is the Solar-Stator and Planetary-Rotor integrated complex dynamo
mechanism (the SSPR-dynamo mechanism). In this physical scenario, our solar
system as a whole can be taken as a giant complex dynamo system in which the
Sun actually act as a central stator while all the surrounding planet actually
act as a group of planetary rotors. Since the Sun's magnetic field extends to
the outer edge of the Oort Cloud (more than a light year away), it is
physically possible that every planet wrapped in the heliomagnetic sheath can
be plausibly viewed as a moving rotor. In this physical scenario, the magnetic
field lines of every planet in a dynamical state of orbiting-rotating-synchronized
motion are frequently intercutting and entangling with the magnetic field lines
of the Sun at all times, the mechanism of which will inevitably create a large
number of bidirectionally-flowing electromagnetic wave energy-carrying particle
streams that are always in a state of frequently intercutting and mutually
entangling motions on every step of their oppositely moving toward the two mass
centers of the Sun and a planet. When a large number of bidirectionally-moving
particles streams are collectively entangling with each other, they form an
invisible rope-like gravito-electromagnetic bond that seamlessly connects the
sun and every planet. This kind of new physical picture suggests that the real
medium for mediating the macroscopic gravito-electromagnetic interaction force between
the sun and planets is not photons, but a large amount of bidirectionally-flowing
electromagnetic wave energy-carrying particle streams that are always in a
state of frequently intercutting and collectively entangling motion. The
observed photons are only transient products produced by the mechanism of
intercutting and entangling behavior of the bidirectionally-moving electromagnetic
wave energy-carrying particle streams. Therefore, the energy of these
bidirectionally-moving particle streams or the strength of the electromagnetic
interaction force is actually determined by several physical parameters, like
the mean frequency of their intercutting and entangling motions, averaged
energy density of the bidirectionally-moving electromagnetic streams, and the
averaged mass density and the averaged strength of any two electromagnetically
interacting bodies. It turns out that the gravity acting between the sun and
planet is essentially a different form of low-energy-density and large
cross-sectional penetrating electromagnetic force or gravito-electromagnetic
force. However, the gravito-electromagnetic force itself is merely an apparent
physical effect with its essential nature being the underlying mechanism of
nonequivalent mass-energy exchange and asymmetrical mass-hybridization. So,
from the classical understanding of gravity as an attractive force that makes
bodies move around with each other to the new understanding of gravity as a
different form of electromagnetic interaction force that enable any two
electromagnetically interacting bodies to perform the physical activity of
nonequivalent mass-energy exchange is surely a paradigm-shifted revolution of
theoretical physics. So, the author believe that such a paradigm-shifted
revolution in the understanding the mechanism and nature of gravity makes it
possible to discover the ultimate loop-free theory that can correctly explain
the origin and evolution of the solar system.
§1.3 The evidence chain and the suggestion of
experimental test
To construct a chain of evidence to prove the
existence of a non-equivalent mass-energy exchange mechanism operating between
the sun and the planets requires two sets of evidence:
(1) The existence of a planet-ejected
sunward-streaming particle-energy jet streams. As long as it can be proved that
there is a planet-sourced particle streams flowing from a planet to the Sun, then
it can be naturally proved that there is a bidirectionally-flowing particle
streams existing between the sun and the planets. And the existence of such a
bidirectional-flowing particle streams will naturally prove the existence of a
bilateral mass-energy exchange between the Sun and planets. However, the
evidence of bidirectional-flowing of particle streams between the sun and the
planet can only prove the existence of bilateral mass-energy exchange mechanism
between the sun and the planet, but it cannot prove whether the bilateral
mass-energy exchange process follows the equivalent mass-energy exchange law or
the non-equivalent mass-energy exchange law. So we need a second set of
evidence.
(2) The evidence of planetary mass-energy decreasing
trend，since the total amount of mass-energy of the solar
system is approximately conserved, therefore, if we can find any kind of
evidence that can prove that the planets are continue to weaken will prove that
the bilateral mass and energy exchange process between the sun and the planets
follows the non-equivalent exchange law.
Since the total mass and energy scale of the solar system is approximately
conserved, any evidence that can prove that the solar system’s planets are undergoing
an irreversible mass-energy decaying process can naturally prove that the
bilateral mass-energy exchange between the sun and planets follows the non-equivalent
mass-energy exchanging law. The following physical phenomena identified by the
author that occur in the solar-terrestrial system can serve as evidence:
About three types of plasma-jet
colliding phenomena occurring between solar photosphere plasma
shells and the earth direction ejected planetary jets have been
confirmed from the NASA-published astronomical pictures (the exact info for
citation is needed), and the author named them
respectively based on energy gradients: the photosphere plasma-splashing effect, the photosphere shell-perforation effect, and the complete photosphere shell-piercing
effect.
From the NASA-published
astronomic pictures, the author found that, during the sunspot maximum, there is a clear
plasma-jet colliding phenomena occurring on the surface of the solar photoshere
on the sun’s earth-facing side, which is created by a particle-energy jet
stream clearly ejected from the earth-direction perfectly in line with the
maximum alignment of Venus-Earth-Jupiter. These plasma shell-jet colliding
effects clearly show that the planet-ejected sunward-streaming particle-energy
jets that are ejected from the Venus, Earth and Jupiter respectively seem to be
superposed to have formed a resultant jet
with its lance-shaped jet-head pointing to the Sun, the energy density
of this Venus-Earth-Jupiter co-formed resultant planetary jet must be
exponentially increased to such a high level that the plasma shell of the solar
photosphere is being violently impacted by the resultant jet. In the photosphere plasma-splashing picture, it shows that there is bow-like plasma crater
being created on the sun’s earth-facing side and there are large scale of
liquid like solar plasma are forced to splashed around the edge of
quasi-symmetric plasma crater, which reflects the helical dynamic property of
this spiral-in planetary jets. In the photosphere-perforation scenario, the
photosphere plasma shell of the sun’s earth-facing side is punctured with many
holes as the result of plasma shell-jet colliding mechanism between the solar
photosphere and the Venus-Earth-Jupiter resultant jet. In the complete photosphere
shell-piercing scenario, the entire Sun is being completely pierced
from its earth-facing side all the way to its back side—the whole body of our
giant Sun was totally pierced through, at this time, the NASA-published picture
shows that there are many bright points representing the locations of solar
flares are presented on the straight section line connecting the earth with the
sun. So, the photosphere-piercing effect indicates that the energy level of the
Venus-Earth-Jupiter’s resultant jet reached the highest level. The pictures of
showing the three types of (solar) plasma-jet (planetary) colliding phenomena
have inspired me to successfully discover the exact physical mechanisms of creating
the sunspot and the formation of sunspot's 11-year cycle (for detailed
explanation please read the Chapter 4 for the new explanation of Sunspot
formation). Now, as above-mentioned, the evidence that can prove the existence
of planet-ejected sunward-streaming electromagnetic wave energy-carrying jet
streams can only prove the existence of a physical mechanism of bilateral
mass-energy exchange between the Sun and planets, but not necessarily prove
that such a bilateral mass-energy exchange process follows the law of
non-equivalent mass-energy exchange.
(2) The evidence chain that proves the planetary
mass-energy decreasing trend and the solar mass-energy increasing trend
contains three pieces of evidence: the Moon is shrinking, [5] [12] [13] the Mercury
is shrinking, [11] and the Mars is also shrinking. The recent NASA-report about the researches on exoplanets showed that
the occurrence of planetary shrinking phenomena is not limited to the
terrestrial planets in our solar system, and the exoplanets are also shrinking. [14] This suggests that the planetary shrinking is a
universal process. According to Einstein's principle of mass-energy
equivalence, the fact that the Earth’s magnetic field is steadily decaying, [15] [16] implies that the Earth is also undergoing an
irreversible process of mass-energy decay. Again, according to the Einstein’s principle of
mass-energy equivalence, the confirmed fact that the Sun’s luminosity and
magnetic field are both in an increasing process [17], suggests that the total amount of the Sun’s mass-energy scale is irreversibly
increasing as the result of the universal mechanism of the non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange between the Sun and planets.
The
author’s suggestion of the method of designing experimental test scheme:
In
order to verify the existence of the sun-earth-connected
gravito-electromagnetic bond, I suggest that astrophysicists
may consider a method of integrating several
different types of astronomic telescopes, for example, the X-ray sensitive
telescope, gamma-ray sensitive telescope, radio-wave sensitive telescope, into
3-in-1 integrated telescope to absorb multi-spectra simultaneously, the method
of which may enable the scientists to capture the images of the
bidirectional-flowing electromagnetic wave energy-carrying jet streams, and it
may also enable astronomers to capture the image of the sun-earth-connected
gravito-electromagnetic bond.
§1.4
The hypothesis of the stellar-merger origin of the Solar System
Based on the
logical inference of the physical implication of the
mechanism of non-equivalent mass-energy exchange between the Sun and planets,
the masses of all the solar system’s planets will steadily decreasing while the
solar mass will steadily increasing as the total mass of the solar system is
approximately conserved. This means that at any given time interval, the total
mass lost by all the planets in the solar system should be approximately equal
to the mass added by the Sun. However，the process of
the planetary mass being gradually transferred to the Sun does not mean that a
planet will directly teleport its constituent atoms or molecules to the Sun,
instead, according to the author-proposed atom-mesom-lepton fragmentation
mechanism, all the constituent atoms of a planet will be firstly fragmented
into subatomic particles with their masses being at the leptonic level, the
whole process for the planet’s constituent atoms to be fragmented into leptonic
particles will be completed within the range of a planet’s magnetic sheath,
mostly within the range of a planet’s Van Allen Radiation Belt. And all these
planet-sourced leptons will be mixed up into the jet streams of a
planet-ejected sunward-streaming electromagnetic wave-energy-carrying
particle-energy jet being injected into the Sun’s core to become the raw
materials for Sun to synthesize the heavy metal elements (for the detailed
description, please read the relative contents in chapter-2 and chapter-3). Based on this idea, I conclude that, in the
long-distance future, the masses and energies of the solar system’s planets
will be completely transferred into the core of the sun, where the masses of
the current-evolving planets will be converted into the body masses of the
sun-core-gestated embryonic metallic karyospheres—the high-metallicity
planetary embryos of next-generation planets. At this time, the Sun, or more
accurately, the whole solar system as a whole, will evolve to be a
giant-core-gestated component star of next-generation contact binary-star
system, with the potential companion star being most likely evolved from the
current alpha-Centauri system. Following this new physical idea, the
mechanism-based physical scenario will naturally enable the author to propose a
hypothesis of the stellar-merger origin of the solar system.
For detailed description of how the solar
system could originate from a stellar-merger even and the detailed explanation
about the relevant physical laws,
principles, and mechanisms involved in the process of the
origin and evolution of the
solar system, please refer to Chapter 2, for the
detailed picture of the origin of the
solar system.
Reference:
[1] Warren De
La Rue, Balfour Stewart and Benjamin Loewy, “Further investigations on
planetary influence upon solar activity” published: 01 January, 1872. https://http://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1871.0049
[2] S.D. Verma
“Influence of Planetary Motion and Radial Alignment of Planets on Sun”, 1986.
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-4732-0-13
[3] Abreu, AJ., Beer, Ferriz-Mass, McCracken, GK., Steinhilber .Tile: “Is
there a planetary influence on solar activity?”
《Astronomy and Astrophysics》 2012,548 (Pt.2)
[4] F. Stefani; A. Giesecke; T. Weier, “A Taylor-Spruit model of a tidally
synchronized solar dynamo”. DOI:10.1007/S11207-019-1447-1
[5] Bill. Staigerwald/Nancy
Jones. “Shrinking Moon May
Be Generating Moonquakes” .May
13, 2019. www.NASA.gov
[6] Bill Keeter, “The Incredible Shrinking Mercury is Active After All”. Sep
26, 2016. www.//NASA.gov
[7] Kelly Dickerson. 《SPACE
& PHYSICS》 “Earth’s Magnetic Field flip Could
Happen Sooner Than Expected”, July 9, 2014
［8］Purdue-Stanford
team finds radioactive decay rates vary with the sun's rotation P.A. Sturrock, J.B. Buncher, E. Fischbach, J.T. Gruenwald, D.
Javorsek II, J.H. Jenkins, R.H. Lee,
J.J. Mattes, J.R. Newport. Purdue University,
university news serces, August 30, 2010
［9］Milián-Sánchez,
V., Scholkmann, F., Fernández de Córdoba, P. et al.
Fluctuations
in measured radioactive decay rates inside a modified Faraday cage:
Correlations with space weather. Sci Rep 10, 8525 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64497-0
［10］Magnetic
Portals Connect Sun and Earth Sep 23, 2008
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2008/30oct_ftes.htm
［11］Mercury
is shrinking, volcanic – NASA News
(Agencies) Updated:
2008-01-31 07:39
［12］The Moon Is Shrinking --new report from Space.com
Published August 19, 2010
3:39pm EDT | Updated January 13, 2015 1:59pm EST2010
［13］Moon is shrinking,
wrinkling due to quakes
NASA-News, August 15, 2018. China
Daily | Updated: 2019-05-15 09:48
［14］NASA Data Reveals Possible
Reason Some Exoplanets Are Shrinking .
Karen Fox / Alise Fisher, NASA Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1257 / 202-358-2546
karen.c.fox@nasa.gov / alise.m.fisher@nasa.gov Written by Chelsea Gohd
［15］Earth’s Magnetic Field Is Steadily Decaying –With a
Little Rhythm
D. Russell Humphreys, accepted for publication in
2010, Creation Research Society Quarterly , Volume 47, Page194- 201, Winter 2011
［16］Earth's
magnetic field changes faster than previously thought
Dr
Chris Davies, an Associate Professor from Leeds' School of Earth and
Environment, and Professor Catherine Constable, from the Scripps Institution of
Oceanography, UC San Diego, in California, USA Science news 6 July 2020
［17］Does
the Sun Shrink with Increasing Magnetic Activity?
W.A.
Dziembowski1.2, P.R. Goode 2, and J. Schou3
arXiv:
astro-ph/0101473vl 26 Jan 2001
1 Warsaw
University Observatory and Copernicus Astronomic Center, Poland
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