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12-3-2020
On the Principles of the Star-Planet Coevolution
Chapter 1
The
Coevolutionary Relationship between the Sun and the Planets
Section-1
The Ancient Sun-Worship Religion Distorted Our World View
which led to Our Misunderstanding of the Solar-Planetary Relationship
The physical relationship between the Sun
and the planets has long been misunderstood in such a way that the Sun can only
unidirectionally release its mass-energy from its core to the planets around it,
without receiving any matter or energy from the planets. Conversely, the
planets can only passively receive the solar-sourced mass-energy without
returning anything to the Sun. Therefore, the physical relationship between the
Sun and its orbiting planets is misunderstood as a unilateral relationship
between an absolute mass-energy giver and a group of absolute mass-energy
receivers (the purport of which will hereafter be called the non-exchange paradox, or more rhetorically, the paradox of “free energy-lunch”).
This is perhaps one of the biggest mistakes that human being can make in the
thought-developing history. Such a false cognition of the solar-planetary
relationship began with the primitive sun-worship religion of the early human
civilization. It has since gradually embedded into our cultural genes of all
nations that passed
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down from generation to generation for
thousands of years, which imperceptibly shaped our world view and misled our
physical understanding of the solar-planetary relationship. Even today, parents
and teachers worldwide would like to beautify the sun as a “generous” and “unselfish”
energy-donor with some persuasive, heart-touching literary languages while treating
the planets as merely the beneficiaries of the solar energy. So, even for the
modern astrophysicists with high level of rational thinking, they can hardly
get rid of this unilateral and unidirectional ways of philosophical thinking because
of the long-term historically imperceptible influence of solar worship-embedded
cultural gene.
The false cognition of the solar-planetary
relationship leads to many “non-coevolutionary ideas” in modern astrophysics, which
misleadingly implies that the sun and the planets can evolve independently by
themselves without mass-energy exchange between them. Till now, even though
there are intensive studies on the correlation between solar activity and
geophysical activity, but most of the relevant explanations and conclusions are
focusing on the solar influence on geophysical activity, while the planetary
influence on solar activity have been largely ignored.
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Things got a little bit better until
recently, since 2012, studies on the topics of the planetary influence on the solar
activity cycle have gained more attention. For example, scientists come to
recognize that the tidal forces of Venus, Earth and Jupiter can be superposed
to create a stronger resultant tidal force that may significantly influence on
the solar magnetic field and therefore dictates the solar activity cycle when
there is maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter alignment (Abreu et al 2012 and Stefani,
et al 2019). Stefani utilized theTaylorinstability as a physical explanation for such a solar-planetary correlation. However,
theories or models proposed to explain all these observed sun-planet’s mutual
influences have not yet touched the deep-hidden mechanism of the bilateral and
non-equivalent mass-energy exchange that we proposed (as a core idea) in the theory
of star-planet coevolution. The novel idea that the planets could collectively transfer
their matters and energies into the sun’s core through a potential solar-planetary
mass-energy exchanging mechanism has never been thought possible before. Not to
mention the even more subversive idea that any solar activity or planetary
activity are essentially the results of the consequences of the central
mechanism of the solar-planetary non-equivalent mass-energy exchange—the
so-called new physics of star-planet co-evolution. In this new coevolutionary
scenario, the behavior of the planets transferring their matter and energy into
the
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sun’s core is of
crucial to the operation of the solar energy production. Or, to put it more
radically, if the mechanism of the bilateral mass-energy exchange between the
sun and planets were shut down, the sun could not even burn for one minute!
Section 2
The True Solar-Planetary Relationship
We believe that a correct understanding of
the true physical relationship between sun and planets is the first key step in
the development of a correct theory that can systematically explain the origin
and evolution of the solar system at the highest level of self-consistency. Our
evidence-based study shows that the sun not only gives out its mass-energy to
the planets, but also absorbs a large amount of mass-energy from the planet(s)
simultaneously. More surprisingly, we found that, in a given interval of time,
the Sun can always absorb more amount of mass-energy from the planets than
whatever it released to the planets, which means that the sun can always get a
certain amount of exchange surplus value from the process of the solar-planetary
mass-energy exchange. In other words, no planet in the solar system has
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ever received any “free
energy” or “free matter” from the sun since the initial formation of the solar
system, but rather, every single planet in the solar system must always return
a greater amount of mass-energy to the sun than whatever it receives from the
sun. This means that the sun is not a “generous” or “unselfish” energy donor as
we previously thought, but rather, the sun is the biggest beneficiary in the
deal of the solar-planetary mass-energy exchange. It turns out that the true relationship
between the Sun and the planets is a relationship of reciprocally mass-energy
exchanging and mutual-energy-charging (mutual energy supporting), rather than a
unilateral relationship between an absolute energy-giver and a group of
absolute energy-receivers (the purport of which will hereafter be called the principle of bilateral and
non-equivalent stellar-planetary mass-energy exchange and mutual energy
charging). This principle codifies a
core idea that the determination of planetary energy to the solar activity
cycle is equivalent to that of solar energy to the planetary activity cycle,
the principle of which is called the
star-planet’s mutual activity cycle determinacy.
Such a solar-planetary mass-energy
exchanging and mutual energy supporting mechanism had long been established
since the initial formation of the solar system. A golden rule that “there is
no free lunch in
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the world” works
so well in our human society, it also works well in the celestial society. For
example, in the earth-sun system, all the solar activities and all the
geophysical activities, in both macro-celestial and micro-particle physical
processes, are the results of the consequences of the fundamental mechanism of
the bilateral and non-equivalent mass-energy exchange between sun and earth.
The most of evidence we have collected in the support of the core ideas of the
theory of star-planet co-evolution come from the modern observations of the earth-sun
system. All the direct and indirect evidence point to a fact that our earth and
some other terrestrial planets are collectively losing their body masses
because of the non-equivalent solar-planetary mass-energy exchange. The
relevant evidence will be presented in following section.
Section 3
The Evidence Supporting Our Theoretical Prediction of the
Planetary Mass-Decaying Trend
We have so far identified some key evidence
(direct and indirect) that have formed a consistent evidence chain, indicating
that at least some of the terrestrial planets are collectively undergoing a unstoppable
process
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of planetary mass
decay as a result of our suggested principle of the non-equivalent solar-planetary
mass-energy exchange. Building on this idea, we further propose that a
potential law dictating the physical process of planetary evolution is the law
of planetary mass decay.
The direct evidences include: the crustal
shrinking of the planet Mercury, Mars, and the earth’s moon, plus the two
observable solar-terrestrial jet-plasma
colliding effects shown on the sun’s photosphere shell.
The
crustal shrinking of terrestrial planetary objects, the evidences released by NASA’s Lunar, Mars and
Mercury missions have shown that the planet Mercury, Mars and the earth’s big
moon are collectively undergoing a process of crustal shrinking, the
current-accepted explanation to this is core contraction due to their hot
molten core gradually cooling down. Our explanation to these crustal shrinking
phenomena is planetary mass-evaporation (or planetary mass decay) as the result
of the suggested mechanism of the non-equivalent solar-planetary mass-energy
exchange. Thus, our conclusion is that the terrestrial planets are collectively
undergoing a process of planetary mass-decay. Because the process of planetary
mass decay is totally
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synchronized with
the process of planetary orbital decay, therefore, the closer the planet to the
sun, the higher flux density of the solar cosmic rays is, hence, the faster the
mass-decay rate (or mass-evaporation rate) is. That is why the body shrinking
rate of the planet Mercury is the highest among terrestrial planets.
The
solar-terrestrial jet-plasma colliding effects: Based our analysis on a large number of NASA-released
astronomic images, we have identified at least two solar-terrestrial jet-plasma colliding
effects, called the solar photosphere piercing
effect (SPPE) and the solar
photosphere splashing effect (SPSE) respectively.
The solar photosphere-piercing effect (as shown in picture-1), is a type of solar-terrestrial jet-plasma
colliding phenomenon occurring on the
surface of the sun’s photosphere shell, the image clearly showed us with the
dynamic scenario of the sun-earth system (the original image source needed), in which phenomenon it shows that there is a
lance-shaped earth-ejected sunward-streaming density-increasing particle jets
(EESSPJs) with its jet-head colliding with the
plasmatic materials of the sun and penetrating
the sun’s photosphere shell, which creating a line of observable explosion spots that are all distributed
on the same straight
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line intersecting
the sun and earth, which indicates that all these explosion points are
apparently resulted from the
solar-terrestrial jet-plasma colliding actions, in this physical picture, the tail-like
jet-root of the EESSPJs is apparently originated from the magnetic field of the
earth, while the lance-shaped jet-head, much like an “earth-fired
high-penetrating armor-piercing projectile” or “an earth-ejected high-energy
laser”, which carries the energy density in such a high
level that the whole body of the sun can be easily shot through from its
earth-facing side all the way to its far-earth side.
The solar photosphere splashing effect
(SPSE) is another a type of solar-terrestrial jet-plasma colliding phenomenon
with much lower energy density, in which phenomenon, the earth-ejected
invisible high-density energy jet is spiraling into the photosphere shell of
the sun, making an edge-symmetrical water-splashing vortex feature (like a
crater) showing on the sun’s earth-facing side, the edge-symmetric feature of
the photosphere splashing effect implies a fact that the earth-ejected sun-ward
streaming energy jet is a flux of high-speed spiraling forward particle streams
that is spiraling into the photosphere of the sun on its earth-facing side. Much like a fast-spinning electric drill that
makes an edge-symmetric hole on a solid surface.
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The indirect
evidence indicating a mass decaying process of both the earth and its big moon is
the lunar recession phenomenon.
The cause of the Lunar recession phenomenon has been wrongfully explained by the
mainstream scientists as the result of moon’s tidal force, the reason we
believe that the tidal force-based explanation is fundamentally incorrect is
that such a explanation neither invoke the law of the planetary mass-evolution
nor the mechanism of the cause of gravitational force. We treated the lunar
recession phenomenon as one of most reliable indirect evidence which implies
that both the earth and its big moon are experiencing an ongoing process of
mass-decay, this can be well-explained by using the Newton’s law of universal
gravitation, according to the Newton’s equation of universal gravitation, the magnitude
of the gravitational interaction between the earth and its moon is directly
proportional to the product of their masses and is inversely proportional to
the distance between them. Therefore, by using the abductive reasoning or
retrodiction method, the lengthening of the distance between the earth and its
big moon suggests a gradually weakening of the magnitude of their gravitational
interaction that is caused by the gradual mass-decay of the earth and its moon.
So we attribute the lunar recession phenomenon to the consequence of the
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mass-decay of the
earth and the moon.
Though, a single piece of evidence is weak,
but when one put all the related phenomena together, they can form a consistent
evidence chain with a cross-prove power. So, we believe that the phenomena of
the collective crustal shrinking of the terrestrial planets (including the
lunar crustal shrinking) and the phenomenon of the lunar recession, we can
create a consistent evidence chain that has naturally acquired a cross-proving
power. Plus, the shortening of the earth’s orbital period can be partially
explained by the consequence of the orbital decay of the earth—the shortening
of the averaged orbital radius of the earth—the shortening of the distance
between the sun and earth, which indicates an ongoing strengthening of the sun’s
gravitational attraction which pulls the earth inwards, in the mean time, the
earth’s mass-energy decay leads to its angular momentum decay which manifest as
the slowing down of its linear velocity of revolving the sun. Given the facts
that both the sun’s luminosity and its magnetic field magnitude are both
increasing, according to the Einstein’s principle of mass-energy equivalence,
we conclude that the mass and the multiple energy-associated physical
parameters of the sun is increasing synchronously.
.
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Section 4
The Giant Sun-Planet-Connected Gravito-electromagnetic
Bond System
The channel through which the sun and the
planets perform their bilateral and non-equivalent mass-energy exchanging
activity is an invisible giant sun-planet-connected gravito-electromagnetic
bond system within which there are large numbers of highly-magnified
bidirectional-flowing (sun-ward and planet-ward) particle streams with their
accelerating motions being co-charged and co-modulated by both magnetic fields
of the sun and planets, the mechanism of which is frequently intercutting and
entangling of the magnetic fields lines of the sun and the planets by following the rule of orthogonal axial intersectional
intercutting, which causes the bond-constrained bidirectional-flowing
electromagnetic streams that are collectively frequently intercutting and
entangling with each other on every step of their streaming forward to the
opposite directions when heading to both cores of the sun and the planet
simultaneously, thus creating a push-pull-modulated
alternating electromagnetic current that enable the sun and the planets to
be gravito-electromagnetically (coined gravitro-magnetically) connected in a core-to-core-bonding status.
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The large number
of frequently intercutting and entangling of the highly magnified
bidirectional-flowing particle streams would naturally create a resultant
push-pull-modulated gravitro-magnetic interaction force acting between sun and
planets. This means that the solar system is essentially a giant spherical
electromagnetic field which is co-created by both sun and planets, rather than
the sun itself. Building on this idea we further propose that the gravitational
interaction, together with the strong and weak nuclear interactions, are
essentially the different forms of electromagnetic interaction acting between
bodies of different mass-energy scale within different space-time scales. The correct
way of unifying the four fundamental interactions into one single interaction
is to find out the intrinsic common mechanism that produces the four
fundamental forces and the shared inherent property that the four fundamental
forces must have, rather than search for a mathematical method. One of shared
common properties that all fundamental interaction must have, we believe, is the intrinsic property of tunnel-bond
duality, which notes that the gravito-electromagnetic interaction between
any two bond-state bodies is merely an apparent physical effect we can observe,
under which the deep-hidden nature of any interaction is bilateral and
non-equivalent mass-energy exchange between them. This means that any kind of
gravitro-magnetic bond acting between bodies of any mass-energy level
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should function as
both a force mediator and a mass-energy exchanging channel simultaneously. In
other words, the two intrinsic properties which function as both a force
mediator and a mass-energy exchanging channel are the two co-existing and
co-working properties as intrinsic to all fundamental interactions (the purport
of which will hereafter be called the
principle of tunnel-bond duality).
Because the energies that driving the
bidirectional-flowing and frequently intercutting and entangling magnified
particle streams are co-charged by both the solar and planetary magnetic
fields, therefore, the closer the bidirectional-streaming particles to either
sun’s core or the planet’s core, the magnitude of the background magnetic field
strength is higher, therefore, particles move faster with their velocities
being proportional the magnitude of the magnetic field of the celestial body
they are heading for. Hence, such a double
magnetic fields (solar-planetary) co-charging mechanism could naturally
create a bidirectional particle
acceleration mechanism by which the bidirectional-streaming particles can both be accelerated simultaneously
on their opposite journeys of heading to the cores of the sun and the planets.
This means that when we measured a stream of sun-ejected earthward-accelerating
particles, there is also a corresponding
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earth-ejected
sunward-accelerating particle (the
purport of which will hereafter be called the
mechanism of the solar-planetary double magnetic fields co-charged and synchronized
bidirectional particle acceleration). Building on this concept, we proposed
a new law, called the suggested-law of
bidirectional particle acceleration, which notes that the velocity of the bidirectional-flowing
electromagnetic particle streams that flow between sun and a planet is directly
proportional to the product of the magnitude of the sun’s magnetic field and the
magnitude of the planet’s magnetic field, and inversely proportional to the
distance between the particle and the core of the sun or the core of the planet. This law codified a basic idea that any two
bidirectional-flowing particles with the same rest mass that are simultaneously
flying to the core of the sun and a planet respectively, their accelerate
velocities are proximately the same and their flying direction are opposite. This
law explains that the velocity of the sun-ejected earthward-streaming particles
are accelerated when approaching the earth’s core. And in the future, it can
also explain a potential phenomenon that the earth-ejected sunward-streaming
particles can be accelerated when approaching the sun.
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Section 5
The Validity of the Principle of Tunnel-Bond Duality
and of the Principle of Orthogonal Axial Intersection
As explained earlier, the mechanism by
which the sun-planet-connected gravito-electromagnetic bond system (solar-planetary
gravitro-magnetic bond) is created is frequently intercutting and entangling of
the magnetic fields lines of the sun and the planets, which means that the
sun-planet bond is co-created by both the sun and the planet and the
bond-constrained bidirectional-flowing electromagnetic particle streams are
co-charged by both magnetic fields of the sun and the planets, rather than the
solar magnetic field energy alone. Building on these coevolutionary ideas, we termed
the sun-planet bond as the double solar-planetary
magnetic fields co-charged bidirectional-accelerating and
bidirectional-quantum-tunneling gravito-electromagnetic bond system (DSPMF-CC-BABQT-GEMBS).
.
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The solar-planetary gravitro-magnetic bond
system, or the DSPMF-CC-BABQT-GEMBS can function as both a force-mediator and a
mass-energy exchanging channel simultaneously, with the gravitro-magnetic
interaction being an apparent physical effect and the mass-energy exchange
being a deep-hidden mechanism. So, the principle of tunnel-bond duality is
inherent in the two intrinsic fundamental properties (the force mediator and
the mass-energy exchanging channel) of the solar-planetary gravitro-magnetic bond
system that can be used to explain almost all the natural phenomena occurring
in the solar system.
Later, we found that the principle of
tunnel-bond duality applies not only to the macro-celestial world but also the
micro-quantum world (i.e. the chemical bond), it is a universal physical principle
that can be utilized as a shared common fundamental physical property of both
the macro-celestial world and the micro-quantum physical world to create a
unified astroparticlephysics. For example, when using the principle of
tunnel-bond duality to describe the two intrinsic properties—a force mediator
and a mass-energy exchanging channel that work between two bond-state atoms, we
can have the novel idea that for any two bond-state atoms, the chemical bond is
not only a mediator that mediates the inter-atomic electromagnetic force
between bond-state atoms, but also a
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channel through which
the two bond-state atoms are actually doing the bilateral and non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange activity. And the mechanism by which the chemical bond is
created is the frequently intercutting and entangling of the magnetic field
lines of two approaching atoms when the spin axes of the nucleus of two bonding
atoms stay perpendicular to one another which creates a bond-constrained
bidirectional-flowing subatomic particle streams that moving in two-way between
the nucleus of two bonding atoms (the principle of which is called the principle of orthogonal axial
intersection).
The principle of orthogonal axial
intersection is suggested here to be recognized as a unified fundamental cause
of gravitational interaction which should produce all forms of
gravitro-magnetic interactions acting between two celestial bodies of any
mass-energy level, for example, in the earth-moon system, the earth’s
rotational axis and the moon’s rotational axis are always perpendicular to one
another, such a “orthogonal axial intersection spatial conformation” would
optimized the status of the intercutting and entangling of the magnetic field
lines of the earth and the moon, which achieves the most harmonious push-pull
modulation and the super-symmetric balance of bidirectional-flowing
electromagnetic particle streams that are streaming toward the both cores
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of the earth and
the moon, thus producing the most stable gravitro-magnetic force acting between
the earth and its big moon. This is why the earth-based observer can only see
the moon’s earth-facing side while the moon’s back side can never been seen by earth-based
observer. The current-accepted explanation for this phenomenon is synchronous
rotation which is associated with the cause of gravito-electromagnetic
interaction, and is therefore fundamentally incorrect. Because the principle of orthogonal axial
intersection is the ultimate cause of universal gravitational force, that is
why for a binary celestial system of any mass-energy scale, either at stellar
or at galactic level, we can see the axes of two component stars or of two
component galaxies are always stay perpendicular to one another. In the
micro-quantum world, the spin axes of coupling electron and positron are
perpendicular to one another; for a diatomic molecular system, the spin axes of
the nucleus of two bond-state atoms are always in dynamically orthogonal axial
intersection status too.
Building on this idea, we propose that the
principle of orthogonal axial intersection is another element that can be used
to develop the unified model to systematically describe the intrinsic
common nature
of all fundamental interactions.
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Section-6
The general statement of the principle of
non-equivalent mass-energy exchange
The suggested principle of non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange between star and planets is one of the fundamental principles we proposed for explaining
the co-evolution relationship of the sun and planets, and is a vital starting
point from which all other suggested principles, laws and mechanisms can be
derived within the framework of the model of star-planet co-evolution, the core
ideas of this principle is stated as follows:
No
star or planet can evolve independently by themselves, but instead, one star
must always be gravito-electromagnetically, (coined as gravitro-magnetic
interaction) bound with one or more planets to form a holistic co-evolutionary
system within which the central star and its orbiting planets must co-evolve by
performing the bilateral and non-equivalent mass-energy exchanging activity.
This principle codified the idea that the nature of the evolutionary process of
the solar system is
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essentially the co-evolution of the sun and the
planets by following the rule of non-equivalent mass-energy exchange.
For
a multi-planet-bearing single-star system, like the solar system, the physical
process of the mass-energy exchange between the star and planet should be
dictated by the suggested law of
stellar-end mass-energy transference (or the law of the star-core-oriented mass-energy
transference), which means that, in a given interval of time, the total amount
of the mass-energy that the central star emitted to its orbiting planet(s) is
always less than that of the mass-energy that the central star absorbed from
its orbiting planets all together. In other words, the total amount of
mass-energy that the solar system’s planets must return more amount of
mass-energy than what they received from the sun. Thus, generally speaking, the
evolutionary process of the central star should follow from the law of
mass-energy increase, whereas, the evolutionary process of the system’s
planet(s) should follow from the law of mass-energy decay.
In
the case of contact binary systems, the principle of non-equivalent
matter-energy exchange also apply, which means that any binary-star system is
essentially a holistic co-evolutionary system within which the
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two gravitro-magnetically-bound component stars must
co-evolve by following the rule of bilateral and non-equivalent matter-energy
exchange. The rule requires that one component star with higher mass always
will absorb a greater amount of mass-energy from the less massive component
star than whatever it emits to the less-massive component star. In this
physical scenario, the less massive component star will keep losing its mass
while the more massive component star will keep gaining mass.
In
the same time when the two component stars are performing the mass-energy
exchanging activity, the distance between them is also shortening at an
accelerate speed, and ultimately, a parent contact binary system will end its
life by merging into a more massive daughter single star system, the process of
which can manifest as a nova or supernova explosion event. This means that all
nova or super nova explosion events are the results of stellar-merger events,
not limited to the cases of binary red luminous variants, but it should also
include all the cases of giant blue variants.
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Section-7
The Suggested Principle of Macro-Microscopic
mass-evolution consistency
To provide a consistent macro-micro-unified
description about synchronized processes of the mass-evolution of two bonded
and co-evolving star and planet, we propose a principle to describe the
consistency of the macroscopic process of a mass-evolving celestial body with
the microscopic process of the collective mass-evolving of its constituent
particles, called the suggested
principle of macro-microscopic mass-evolution consistency, which states
that, for any two gravito-electromagnetically bound celestial bodies that are
co-evolving by following a rule of non-equivalent mass-energy exchange, if a
celestial body (body-A) is in a mass-increasing process, then the microscopic
process of the transmutation of its constituent particles (atomic and subatomic) must also follow the
law of mass-increasing trend (the light-to-heavy trended particle transmutation).
Conversely, another celestial body (body-B) must be in a process of mass-decay,
thus the microscopic process of the transmutation of its constituent particles must
also follow the law of mass-decay trend (the heavy-to-light trended
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particle
transmutation). For example, in the earth-sun system, the earth and sun are
co-evolving by following the rule of non-equivalent mass-energy (summarized as
the second suggested law of star-planet co-evolution), in the macro-celestial
scenario, the macroscopic process of the mass-evolution of the earth follows
the general trend of mass-decay, therefore, the micro-quantum process of the
transmutation of the earth’s constituent particles also follows the law of
mass-decay trend. If we observing such a mass-decay trended quantum-physical
process at the atomic level, then, it will manifested as the law of
uranium-to-hydrogen trended elemental transmutation (also called the
suggested-law of hydrogen-end elemental transmutation), the various modes of
radioactive decay and isomeric particle
transmutation are the manifestations of the consequence of the suggested
law of hydrogen-end (uranium-to-hydrogen trended) elemental transmutation. If
we observe such a mass-decaying trended microscopic process at subatomic level,
then we see the proton-to-photon trended
subatomic particle transmutation process which is also the long-sought proton-decay process which should be a dominant
process largely proceeding in the earth’s Van Allen Radiation Belt. In this
microscopic quantum-physical scenario, the terrestrial protons being created by
photodisintegration process that are operating largely in the hydrogen-shell in
which the ionized hydrogen atoms ate
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further
disintegrated into protons and electrons that are collectively ascending to
lower layer of the earth’s Van Allen Radiation Belt, where the descending solar
protons from the upper layer of the earth’s Van Allen Radiation Belt would
colliding with each other in the entire Van Allen Radiation Belt with the confinement
of the geomagnetic field, the mechanism of which is called the geomagnetic
field-confined solar-terrestrial double-sourced proton-colliding, which causes
the colliding protons to decay into mesons of various mass, for example, the
kaons decay into pions, and pions decay into muons, and muons of opposite
charges would decay into electron-positron pair, and ultimately, an
electron-positron annihilate into a photon pair. And all these photo pairs are
not only become a pure gamma-energy, but instead, a photo pair can be reversely
transmute into a pair of compact electro-positron pair that could be
re-combined with neutrino and energy to become various mesons, and then various
baryons that form the streams of earth-ejected sunward-streaming
baryon-lepton-mixed energy jets in the form of solar-terrestrial bond-constrained
density-increasing energy current heading to the sun’s core, where the
planetary hadron jet and solar hadron
jet would violently colliding with each other within the sun’s core under the
confinement of the sun’s magnetic field which synthesize the new generation
high-energy neutrons and protons that would be
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combined to
synthesize the heavy elements in the sun’s core, the mechanism of which is
called the solar magnetic field confined
the solar-planetary double-sourced hadron jets colliding (SMFC-SPDS-HJC). It turns out that the mechanism of the solar
energy production is actually the sun-planet co-created and co-participated
physical mechanism, rather than a mechanism being created and operated by the
sun itself. The current-accepted mechanism of the hydrogen-fueled nuclear
fusion reaction may fundamentally incorrect simply because the mechanism is
essentially a non-coevolutionary mechanism which is philosophically absurd and
physically impossible. There is a solid evidence shown that the sun does have a
so-imagined huge hydrogen inventory at all. The further explanation about the
earth-based mass-decay trended quantum-physical process of hydrogen-end
(uranium-to-hydrogen trended) elemental transmutation and the source of sun
power will be followed in contents of chapter 2).
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Section-8
A Simple Explanation for the Correlation between Solar
Activity and Geophysical Activity and the Occurrence of Earthquake
As explained earlier, the process of the
earth’s mass-evolution follows a suggested law of planetary mass-energy decay
because of the non-equivalent solar-planetary mass-energy exchange, in the
earth-based microscopic process of the inter-atomic mass-energy exchange, for
any two gravito-electromagnetically bonding atoms, the heavier atom (atom-A)
always gives out a greater amount of mass-energy to the lighter atom (atom-B),
for example, for a microscopic iron-oxygen-bound coevolutionary system, say
within a Fe2O3 molecule, an iron atom always give out more amount of mass-energy
to an oxygen atom than whatever the iron atom received mass-energy from the
oxygen atom, over time, the iron atom would loss its mass-energy scale and
transform from a high-energy state to a ground state or transform into a
lighter atom of a different element. The earth-based mass-decay trended
particle transmutation can be used to explain the mechanism of the earthquake
and volcanic eruption. For example, the solar activity can not only
significantly influence the macro-geophysical activities in the forms of
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activating the
geomagnetic storm and determining the frequency of the occurrences of the
earthquakes and volcano eruptions, but also influence the micro-particle-geophysical
activities which manifest as the solar-activated variations of the decay rates
of some isotopes (Jenkins et al., 2012. Sturrock et al., 2014. Bellotti et al.,
2015.), and conversely, some scientists have come to recognize that the tidal
forces of Venus, Earth and Jupiter can be superposed to create a stronger
resultant tidal force that may significantly influence on the solar magnetic
field and therefore dictate the solar activity cycle when there is maximum
Venus-Earth-Jupiter alignment (Abreu et al 2012 and Stefani, et al 2019).
However, theories or models proposed to explain all these observed sun-planet’s
mutual influences have not yet touched the deep-hidden mechanism of the
bilateral and non-equivalent matter-energy exchange which is achieved through
the invisible 1-on-1 radial configured giant
sun-planet-connected gravito-electromagnetic bond systems in which a large
scale of bidirectional-flowing magnified particle streams are frequently
intercutting-and-entangling with each other on every step of their streaming
forward in the opposite directions heading to the cores of the sun and planets,
with the bidirectional-streaming particles being accelerated simultaneously
(the purport of which will hereafter be called the principle of bidirectional inter solar-planetary particle
Page 28
acceleration). Therefore, various explanations about the mutual
influences of the sun and the planets basically express no coevolutionary ideas
at all. In the theory of star-planet co-evolution, however, we use the core
mechanism of the bilateral and non-equivalent matter-energy exchange between
sun and planets to explain everything. For example, when Frank Stefani try to
use the Taylor instability effect to explain the correlation between the solar
activity cycle and the periodically maximized planetary tidal forces
influencing on the solar activity due to the maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter
alignment, we just use a set of suggested-laws of star-planet coevolution to
explain how the sunspot is created and why the sunspot cycle can be simply
regarded as the periodically fluctuations between the peak and trough value
variations of the total matter-energy exchanging volume being traded between
sun and planets. Building on this coevolutionary ideas, the model of
star-planet co-evolution holds that the solar maximum or the sunspot maximum is
essentially a period during which the total volume of the matter-energy
exchange between the sun and planets peaks while the solar minimum or sunspot
minimum is essentially a period during which the total volume of matter-energy
exchange between sun and planets is at trough. In this physical scenario, the
mechanism by which the sunspot is created is
Page 29
planet-sun’s
double magnetic fields co-charged high-density planetary energy jet perforating
plasma holes on the sun’s photosphere shell, and the sunspot maximum is a
period when there is maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter alignment, at which the planet-ejected sunward-streaming
electromagnetically energized baryon-lepton-mixed jets of the Venus, Earth and
Jupiter can be superposed to create a flux density-amplified resultant
planetary energy jets which perforate the most “plasma holes” (magneto-vortex
holes) on the sun’s photosphere shell of its earth-facing side, and thus creating the sunspots maximum. Following
this mechanism, the mystery of the
sunspot minimum can also be solved. In this physical scenario, when in the period of sunspot minimum, the planetary constellation of the maximum
Venus-Earth-Jupiter alignment disappear, the energy density of
earth-alone-ejected baryon-lepton-mixed energy jet become much lower which
produces the weakest planetary
jet-perforating effect, thus creating the least numbers of sunspots or
virtually no sunspot is created at all. In other words, the scale of the
sunspots is directly proportional to the flux density of the planet-ejected
sunward-streaming and solar-planetary double magnetic fields co-energized
(push-pull modulated) baryon-lepton-mixed jets (the purport of which will
hereafter be called the suggested-law of
sunspot scale).
Page 30
As with the
hole-perforating effect of a high-energy laser beam causing on a solid body,
when the energy-level of a laser beam reaches such a high level that people usually
don’t see the laser beam but they see the laser beam’s hole-perforating effect.
Similarly, for an earth-based observer, he or she may not be able to see the
morphological structure of the
earth-ejected sunward-spiraling solar-terrestrial double magnetic fields
co-charged density-increasing (lance-shaped) matter-energy jet, but can
clearly observe the jet-perforating
effect which manifest as a cluster of the “darkish magneto-vortex holes”. The
correlation between the sunspot maximum and the maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter
alignment can be simply explained as the multi-planetary jets superposition,
which creates the exponentially density-amplified resultant matter-energy jets
with their sharp-edged jet-heads easily drilling a cluster of magneto-vortex
plasma holes on the photosphere shell. Build on this idea, we propose that: The
11-year and 22-year sunspot cycles are both caused by the maximum
Venus-Earth-Jupiter alignment; the 60-year sunspot cycle may be caused the
maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn alignment; and the 100-year sunspot cycle
may be caused by the maximum Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus alignment; and
the 200-year cycle may be caused by the maximum
Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune alignment; and
Page 31
the 1000-year
sunspot cycle may be caused by the maximum
Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune plus Proxima Centauri alignment (the
maximum V-E-J-S-U-N plus Proxima Centauri alignment).
According to the third suggested-laws of star-planet co-evolution, which notes
that the process of the non-equivalent
matter-energy exchange between sun and planets obeys the principle of positive
feedback, which means that, in any given interval of time, the more amount
of planetary magnetic field energy-driven matter-energy is being injected into
the core of the sun, the greater amount of matter-energy the sun returns to the
planet(s), and vice versa. The physical implications of the third suggested-law
of star-planet coevolution is that, during the period of solar minimum or
sunspot minimum, the amount of mass-energy being transferred from the sun to
the earth (in the form of solar wind) become lowest, while correspondingly, the
amount of mass-energy carried by the earth-ejected sunward-streaming energy jet
also become lowest, which means that the earth loses the lowest volume of its
mass-energy. Conversely, the earth will lose much higher volume of its
mass-energy during the period of sunspot maximum due to the newly-suggested quantum principle of the solar-activated planetary
Page 32
mass-evaporation. Because the solar-sourced cosmic rays carries the
photo-thermal-dominated energy which has a fundamental function of promoting of
quantum-physical process of mass-decay-trended particle transmutation
(heavy-to-light-trended elemental transmutation), therefore, during period of
solar maximum sunspot maximum, the measurable decay rates of some terrestrial
isotopes become faster. While in the period of solar minimum or sunspot
minimum, the decay rates of some terrestrial isotopes become relatively lower.
Hence, the fluctuation of the variation of the decay rates of some isotopes has
been found to be a fundamental phenomenon. This is not because the once sacrosanct
view expressed by the so-called “law” of radioactive decay, which notes that
the decay rate or the half-lives of all the radionuclides in the universe is
constant, is new facing a serious challenge, it is simple because the suggestion
of the law of the redioactove decay is based on the non-coevolutionary idea and
is therefore found to be false.
If correct, any current philosophical
interpretation or physical explanation of the natural phenomena occurring in
the solar system would either be shallow understanding of the coevolutionary
relationship of the sun and the planets, or fundamentally incorrect. Based on
the suggested laws, principles and mechanisms we proposed in the theory of
star-planet
Page 33
coevolution, we can
adequately explain everything we want, including the cause of earthquake and
volcanic eruption and adequately explain correlation between the solar activity
cycle (or the sunspot cycle) and the geophysical activity cycle. Ultimately, we
can systematically explain the origin and evolution of the solar system at the highest
level of self-consistency. The extra bonus of the theory of star-planet
co-evolution is that we can explain the origin of terrestrial life and, also develop
a novel model to theoretically for unify the so-called four fundamental forces
into a single gravitro-magnetic
interaction force by finding out the unified mechanism of producing both
the macroscopic gravitational interaction and the microscopic electromagnetic
interaction, and the shared common properties of the four fundamental forces.
Generally speaking, the decisive factor
behind the correlation between the solar activity cycle and the geophysical
activity cycle is the fundamental mechanism of bilateral and non-equivalent
inter-solar-planetary mass-energy exchange. The true relationship between the
sun and its orbiting planet is a physical relationship of mutual energy-supporting
and mutually physically influencing base on the rule of non-equivalent
mass-energy exchange. To systematically explain the physical mechanism of the
initial formation of the solar
Page 34
system and the
laws of its subsequent evolution we must introduce few potential laws,
principles and mechanisms to propound a complete theory of star-planet
coevolution that can provide a detailed, macro-micro-unified descriptions and
explanations about the formation and evolution of the solar system. The basic
concept of the so-called macro-micro-unified description is that the microscopic
quantum process of the origin and transmutation of the elements must be
synchronized with the macro-astrophysical process. For example, for any
complete description and explanation of the macroscopic process of the
planetary evolution, one must also provide a microscopic explanation of how the
microscopic process of the origin and transmutation of the planet’s constituent
atoms are synchronized with macroscopic process of planetary evolution.
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12-3-2020